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Tuesday, June 18, 2013
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Quantifying the Impact of a Drug on Gastric Emptying: Measuring the Pharmacodynamic Effect in Clinical Trials
A Rankin, M Paterson, A Connor

Many drug classes are known to alter the rate of gastric emptying. Whilst there is no specific regulatory guidance requiring the impact of drugs on GE to be measured, it is important to fully understand the mode of action and the relationship between the pharmacokinetic profile and the pharmacodynamic response.

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Building Flexibility ino Phase I Protocols and Early Clinical Development Programs
Lloyd Stevens and Gareth King

The transition of a drug candidate into Phase I and other early drug development programs is undergoing considerable examination and change. This has largely been brought about by commercial and scientific drivers to reduce attrition rates coupled with an evolving regulatory environment, all of which encourage the pharmaceutical industry to build both scientific focus and flexibility into the drug development program.

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Evaluation of Human Regional Bioavailability to Assess Whether Modified Release Development is Feasible
A Connor, G King and K Jones

Many modified release (MR) oral formulations rely on bioavailability from the distal regions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract (i.e. the ileum and colon). Therefore, by assessing the bioavailability of a drug following delivery to the distal intestines, it is possible to determine whether MR formulation development is achievable.

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Diagnostic Significance of microRNA Tumor Biomarkers in Fine Needle Aspirates (FNA) of Pancreatic Cancer
Martina Doleshal 1, Anna E. Szafranska 1, Hayward S. Edmunds 2, Gregory J. Tsongalis 2, Murray Korc 2 and Emmanuel Labourier 1

Collection of pancreatic fine needle aspirates (FNAs) in RNARetain™ allows stabilization and protection of RNA in tissues containing high levels of nucleases; Differential miRNA expression in pancreatic FNAs accurately classifies benign and malignant tissue; Combinations of miRNA and mRNA expression signatures improve the separation between normal tissue and chronic pancreatitis; microRNAs are suitable analytes for molecular characterization of fine needle aspirates from pancreatic tissues.

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Apoptosis Inducing Novel microRNA for Breast cancer and Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Arutselvan Natarajan, Sally J. DeNardo, Mark A. Zern, Senthil K. Venugopal

MicroRNA provides a mechanism to target cancer stem cells and restraint tumors cells permanently; this could lead to promising cancer therapeutics and imaging agents. Apoptosis inducing microRNA was identified to target HCC and breast cancer cells for imaging and therapy.

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SOME BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF TRITERPENOID ACIDS
S.N. Morozkina, O.I. Antimonova, E.M. Eremenko*, A.G. Shavva

Ursolic and betulinic acids acids induce the processes of apoptosis. We tested the risk of osteoporosis induction under influence of triterpenoids, since they can interact with glucocorticoid receptors. In experiments on oviriectomized rats we found that acids do not show any negative influence on percentage of mineral components in the femur and have cholesterol-lowering action under experimental conditions.

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THE OSTEOPROTECTIVE ACTION OF 6-OXA-8a-ANALOGUES OF STEROID ESTROGENS
A.G. Shavva, V.N. Belov, A.Yu. Solovyev, S.N. Morozkina

We synthesized fourteen 6-oxa-8a-estrogens analogues and investigated osteoprotective and uterotropic actions. We demonstrated correlation: every modification in structure of 6-oxa-8-analogues leading to strong (>30%) reduction of uterotropic action induces slump of osteoprotective activity. This allows to make conclusion: main biotarget, responsible for appearance of osteoprotective action is a-estrogen receptor. We found steroid estrogen analogues with cholesterol-lowering properties without u

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A genome-wide loss of function screen identifies new genes required for lung cancer cell proliferation
PINNA G, ARAUJO N, MOROZOVA N, DETREZ MA & HAREL-BELLAN A

RNA interference (RNAi) provides an experimental tool for functional genomics analysis. We screened a genome-wide RNAi library to identify new genes involved in lung cancer cell proliferation. 72 % from the 257 genes identified were involved in general gene expression processes, 16 % were of unknown function or unrelated to proliferation, and 12% consisted of uncharacterized genes. These last sets of genes provide potential novel targets for lung cancer treatment.

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Computational analysis of high-throughputsmall RNA sequencing reveals microRNAs in a single-celled organism
Schwach F, Studholme DJ, Molnar A, Thuenemann E, Burrell M, Perez-Martinez A, Moulton V and Baulcombe D

We present evidence that miRNA precursors are present in the single-celled green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and that they give rise to mature miRNAs that regulate target genes by post-transcriptional RNA cleavage.

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Showing Results 71 - 80 of 129
Scientific News
Developmental Protein Plays Role in Spread of Cancer
A protein used by embryo cells during early development, and recently found in many different types of cancer, apparently serves as a switch regulating metastasis.
Bringing Out the Usual – and Unusual – Cancer Genomics Suspects
Several years ago, researchers sequencing lung cancer genomes encountered a number of red herrings.
Two Gene Variants May Predict Who Will Benefit from Breast Cancer Prevention Drugs
NIH-supported discovery could advance individualized care of high-risk women.
Supreme Court Rules That Human Genes Can’t Be Patented
Most agree that the ruling reduces barriers to genetic testing and enables scientists to further genetic research and share data aimed ultimately at preventing and curing disease.
Researchers Find Unique Peptide with Therapeutic Potential
UTSW researchers identify Tat-beclin 1 against cancers, neurological disorders, and infectious diseases.
Genetic Switches Play Big Role in Human Evolution
Study offers further proof that the divergence of humans from chimpanzees was profoundly influenced by mutations to DNA sequences.
An Epigenetic Change Causes the Block of Antitumor Genes
Healthy cells live in a delicate balance between growth-promoting genes (oncogenes) and those who restrain it (anti-oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes).
Vegetable Fats Tied to Less Prostate Cancer Spread
After being diagnosed with prostate cancer, men who eat a diet high in vegetable fats may be less likely to have their disease spread.
Studies Illuminate Functions of RNA
Researchers at the University of California illuminate the functional importance of a relatively new class of RNA molecules.
Therapeutic Nanoparticles from Grapefruit Juice
Grapefruit-derived nanovectors to deliver targeted drugs to treat cancer.
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