Eliminating Doubt in Criminal Investigations
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“The DNA is a match."
When you hear that phrase on modern-day detective shows, you know the jig is up; the bad guy has been caught. In a fictional TV world where crimes are solved in 30 minutes, nobody ever questions the authority of DNA evidence.
In real life, though, doubt can easily be cast on it because people get confused by scientific jargon, or because of uncertainties about how the evidence was obtained and handled — in one famous case, the O.J. Simpson murder investigation, both factors ultimately contributed to the outcome of the trial.
But when justice hangs in the balance, there is no room for error or misunderstanding.
That strongly held conviction is what prompted Hank Fradella to create the new Criminal Investigations Certificate being offered through Arizona State University's School of Criminology and Criminal Justice for the first time this fall.
As a professor and associate director of the school, Fradella saw a need to ensure students interested in both the public service and scientific sides of criminal investigation were getting the best possible understanding of each other’s functions, techniques and limitations.
“The purpose of the Criminal Investigations Certificate is to make sure that justice practitioners who are not scientists understand what’s going on in the lab, and vice versa,” he said.
Non-scientist justice practitioners include police officers, firemen, paramedics and other first responders to crime scenes.
“They have to know how to secure that scene in a way that does not taint the evidence, and they have to be able to preserve the evidence for future forensic testing in a way that ensures a certain degree of reasonable scientific certainty of the accuracy of the testing results,” Fradella said.
As for the scientists doing the forensic testing, they need to know what happens in the field before the evidence comes to them in the lab, as well as understand the limits justice responders are under — especially in relation to the Fourth Amendment’s regulations on lawful search and seizure.
The certificate is meant for both students obtaining degrees in forensics as well as students obtaining degrees in public service.
“We hope with the addition of this certificate that undergraduate students on either side of the quest for justice will be able to effectively converse with each other using proper nomenclature and a better understanding of the entire criminal investigation process,” Fradella said.
Courses required to obtain the certificate will include ones offered through New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences on ASU’s West campus.
“The School of Criminology and Criminal Justice is particularly indebted to the forensic science program at the West campus,” said Fradella. “The faculty and staff in the School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences have been wonderful partners in this endeavor.”
