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A multicenter, retrospective study has been conducted to assess the safety of a second dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in patients with allergic reactions to the first dose. All patients with allergic reactions to the first dose, who went on to receive a second dose, safely completed their course, with 20% reporting mild symptoms.

Research shows that intranasal vaccination elicits immunity at the site of infection, the respiratory tract.

Researchers have found that the calcium modulator, CaMKII, protects the optic nerve in mice, opening the door to new sight-saving therapy.

Researchers have developed a 'nanobody' – a small fragment of a llama antibody – that is capable of "chasing" human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) away as it hides from the immune system. This then enables cells of the immune system to locate and destroy the virus.

A nationwide study to evaluate the effectiveness of mRNA vaccines against symptomatic forms of SARS-CoV-2 infection has been conducted.

In 2017, Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their contributions to cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM), an imaging technique that can capture pictures of biomolecules such as proteins with atomic precision. A team of scientists has now developed a cryoEM method that can capture images of protein movements at the microsecond timescale.

Scientists have uncovered a way of “fine-tuning” the body’s immune response to viral infections at the level of individual T-cells.

Researchers are using computer models to simulate COVID-19 infections on a cellular level. The models allow for virtual drug and vaccine trials, opening the possibility of pre-assessment for drug and vaccine efficacy against the virus.

Researchers have isolated a panel of human monoclonal antibodies from subjects with a history of acute gastroenteritis that neutralize a broad range of norovirus variants in laboratory tests.

In a new retrospective observational study, researchers from Tel Aviv and the US matched 15,060 pregnant women in Israel into vaccinated/unvaccinated pairs to determine the efficacy of the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine. Their results show that vaccination with BNT162b2 in pregnant women significantly lowered the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, with an efficacy rate of 78%.