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Latest Articles

Smiling ladies of different weights representing samples of two populations.
Article

The Z Test

If you want to compare means of continuous variables between two groups or to a hypothesized value, you might need a z test. In this article, we explore the two types of z test, assumptions of the test, interpretation and a worked example.
Representation of a neutrophil.
Article

Neutrophils: Neutrophil Function, Origin and Related Conditions

In this article, we consider what neutrophils are, how they are generated, their function in the body and medical conditions related to them.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) stained with Hematoxylin and eosin (HE)
Article

Epstein-Barr Virus, Multiple Sclerosis and Cancer: Looking Back at 60 Years of Research

In this interview, Professor Lawrence Young discusses the current interest in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) vaccines for combatting multiple sclerosis and his thoughts on the future direction of EBV research.
A scientist holds a vial of blood in a gloved hand.
Article

Advances in Liquid Biopsies: Improving Sensitivity and Earlier Detection

This article will focus on some of the advances currently being made in the field of liquid biopsy, from attempts to improve the sensitivity of tests, to using bodily fluids other than blood.
Illustration of a human form
Article

Dissecting the Proteome To Understand Disease

Proteomics provides insights into the regulation of biological processes and mechanisms of disease. In this article, we explore approaches scientists are using to find early markers of disease, new drug targets and strategies to overcome resistance to treatments.
An illustrated graph of height versus age, using images of people growing up rather than data points.
Article

Pearson Correlation

In this article, we will explore the theory, assumptions and interpretation of Pearson’s correlation, including a worked example of how to calculate Pearson’s correlation coefficient, often referred to as Pearson’s r.
A seaside town with a beach and sea in the foreground.
Article

Protecting Our Oceans Starts With Testing – Part One

The analytical testing of our oceans is paramount to check for the presence and concentrations of pollutants, helping protect human health and biodiversity. The resulting data can also help to ensure compliance and give insights into climate change.
Scatter graph showing the correlation between students' chemistry and math scores.
Article

Spearman Rank Correlation

In this article, we will explore the theory, assumptions and interpretation of Spearman’s rank correlation, a flexible statistical tool that assesses the strength and direction of the relationship between two quantitative, ranked variables.
Dr. Khadijah A. Mitchell
Article

Cancer Research, Mentorship and Confidence in Your Competence With Dr. Khadijah A. Mitchell

Cancer researcher Dr. Khadijah A. Mitchell reflects on her journey into studying health disparities, touches on the importance of mentorship and shares some inspiring advice for women and girls considering a career in STEMM.
Illustration of data that may be analyzed by Fisher's exact test, here icons represent males and females voting for and against.
Article

The Fisher’s Exact Test

In this article, we explore the theory, assumptions and interpretation of the Fisher’s exact test, used to investigate associations between two categorical, binary variables with small sample sizes, and take you through a worked example.
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