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Nerve cells.
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The Brain Processes Smaller Numbers of Objects Differently to Larger Numbers

When two, three or four apples are placed in front of us, we are able to recognize the number of apples very quickly. However, we need significantly more time if there are five or more apples and we often also guess the wrong number.
Organelles in a cell.
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New Cellular “Mini-Organ” Identified

Cell biologists describe a new organelle present in mammalian cells that is made of rings of DNA. This “mini-​organ” could potentially play a role in autoimmune diseases, and it could help researchers to understand how cell nuclei evolved.
A white, black and orange bird perched on a branch.
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Genetic Basis of Adaptation in Darwin’s Iconic Finches Revealed

Ever since Darwin wrote about the finches of the Galápagos Islands, biologists have studied these small songbirds to understand the mechanisms of evolution. New research has revealed the genetic basis of adaptation in this iconic group.
Cells.
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New Insights Into Stress Granule Formation

Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have illuminated one of the important ways that cells respond to stress. The findings could also be relevant to Alzheimer’s, ALS and other diseases in which this mechanism may be abnormally active.
Red cells, with organelles visible.
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How Do Cells Maintain Their Cholesterol Levels?

NTU Singapore scientists discover how human cells distribute and maintain their cholesterol levels, aiding in the understanding of cardiovascular and Alzheimer's diseases.
Cells inside blood vessels.
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Hidden Parasites Can Also Infect Non-Immune Cells

The organisms that cause visceral leishmaniasis, appear to have a secret weapon, new research suggests: They can infect non-immune cells and persist in those uncommon environments.
Kupffer cell–like clusters (right) assume the function of Kupffer cells (left).
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Giant Immune Cells Step in When Liver Function Is Impaired

A team of researchers has uncovered a previously unknown compensatory mechanism found in liver disease. If Kupffer cells (KCs) become impaired by tissue scarring, immune cells originating in the bone marrow flow to the organ.
A rendering of the human intestines.
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Novel Human Stomach Microphysiological System Created

A human stomach microphysiological system has been created, which could lead to progress in understanding and treating gastrointestinal diseases, including stomach cancer.
Stem cells.
News

Fitness of Cells Used in Cell Transplants Improved

Researchers found exposing cells to a small molecule drug improved their fitness during hematopoietic stem cell transplants, which could broaden access and improve outcomes for ex vivo gene therapy.
Cross sections from four different developmental stages in the early embryo from gastrulation (flat) to the end of neurulation.
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Discovery Challenges Current Understanding of Gastrulation

Researchers found that the ectoderm does not lose its pluripotency in gastrulation after all. This answers the long-standing question posed by developmental biologists on how the neural crest has such a high stem cell potential.
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