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Scientists have now produced a co-regulation map of the human proteome, which was able to capture relationships between proteins that do not physically interact or co-localize. This will enable the prediction and assignment of functions to uncharacterised human proteins.

RNA, or ribonucleic acid, is present in the cells of all living beings and required to synthesize proteins. A research team at the University of California, Riverside, has discovered the structure of a novel RNA-modifying enzyme, ZCCHC4, and identified the mechanism that controls how this enzyme recognizes its substrate.

In the first large-scale clinical study to characterize stem cells from the umbilical cord blood and tissues of premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia – a severe, chronic lung disease – researchers found that these babies had more stem cells at birth.

By successfully strengthening pancreatic islets before transplantation, researchers at UNIGE and HUG are hoping for a significant improvement in the success of cell transplants in patients with severe diabetes.

A new study suggests that the cytoplasm of ruptured frog eggs can spontaneously reorganize itself into cell-like compartments.

Researchers have developed a novel technique that can determine which heart cells can replicate and which cannot; this could be a step towards regenerative cardiac therapies.

A team of scientists who have been working on prion detection for nearly 20 years have demonstrated that their unique, synthetic-molecule-based approach can isolate prion proteins in body fluids sampled from infected animals.

Andrew Buller, professor of chemistry at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, wants to add more building blocks to the body’s protein-making kit. In nature, there exist 20 of these building blocks, called amino acids, which make up the proteins that perform the work required to sustain life. Buller says scientists can create more, allowing them to expand the ways in which cells build proteins.

Using U.S. transplant registry data, clinical researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine found that kidney transplants between identical twins have high success rates, but also high rates of immunosuppressant use.

A newly-discovered molecular mechanism that allows damaged adult liver cells to regenerate could pave the way for drugs to treat conditions such as cirrhosis or other chronic liver diseases where regeneration is impaired.