Diagnostic Approaches Compared for Fibromyalgia

Recent studies have suggested that most people who have been diagnosed with fibromyalgia by physicians may not actually have the condition. A new Arthritis Care & Research study described the overall agreement between clinicians’ diagnosis of fibromyalgia and diagnosis by published criteria as "only fair."

"The diagnostic gold standard for fibromyalgia will continue to be the rheumatologist’s expert opinion, not classification criteria, no matter how well-refined and intentioned."

For the study, 497 patients visiting a rheumatology clinic completed a health assessment questionnaire as well as a questionnaire that assessed fibromyalgia diagnostic variables used by the American College of Rheumatology. Patients were also evaluated and diagnosed by rheumatology clinicians.

Of the 497 patients, 121 (24.3 percent) satisfied fibromyalgia criteria while 104 (20.9 percent) received a clinician’s diagnosis of fibromyalgia.

Physicians failed to identify 60 (49.6 percent) of criteria-positive patients and incorrectly identified 43 (11.4 percent) of criteria-negative patients.

“We have recently studied the same issue in 3,000 primary care patients and found about the same results. Therefore, our conclusions are secure,” said lead author Dr. Frederick Wolfe, of the National Data Bank for Rheumatic Diseases.

In an accompanying editorial Dr. Don Goldenberg, of Oregon Health & Science University, noted that to conclude that expert physicians often misdiagnose fibromyalgia implies that published criteria are superior to expert clinical judgement for the diagnosis of individual patients.

He stressed that this fails to account for many of the variables present in clinical encounters, including time spent in evaluating and categorizing each patient’s multiple symptoms. Dr. Goldenberg wrote:

“The diagnostic gold standard for fibromyalgia will continue to be the rheumatologist’s expert opinion, not classification criteria, no matter how well-refined and intentioned.”

“This is the only way to capture the variability and severity of inter-related symptoms as they play out over time.”

This article has been republished from materials provided by Wiley. Note: material may have been edited for length and content. For further information, please contact the cited source.

Reference:

Wolfe, F., Schmukler, J., Jamal, S., Castrejon, I., Gibson, K. A., Srinivasan, S., . . . Pincus, T. (2019). Diagnosis of Fibromyalgia: Disagreement Between Fibromyalgia Criteria and Clinician‐Based Fibromyalgia Diagnosis in a University Clinic. Arthritis Care & Research. doi:10.1002/acr.23731