How We Inherit "Healthy" Fat

A team of researchers, led by Professor Jan-Wilhelm Kornfeld from the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Elena Schmidt from the Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany and Martin Bilban from the Medial University, Vienna, Austria made a groundbreaking discovery in obesity research.

The team has discovered a new function of the gene H19. This gene proves to have a unique protective effect against the development of overweight and consequently could affect the onset of overweight-associated disease such as diabetes, overweight and cardiovascular diseases.

H19 belongs to the approximately  one percent of our genes, which we - as opposed to the remaining 99 percent - inherit exclusively from either our mother or father, the so-called monoallelic genes.

Dad's bad fat on our stomach and thighs

As a result of extensive studies, the researchers have also discovered how genes derived from our father primarily lead to the development of white fat tissue, which most often are found on the stomach, thighs and backside, and which can lead to metabolic diseases.

Likewise, it appears that genes from our mother primarily lead to the development of brown fat tissue, which is characterized by having a protective effect against obesity.

Professor Jan-Wilhelm Kornfeld and Martin Bilban are delighted with the research results.

Researchers want to control obesity

In their view,  the results could constitute a first step towards the development of better treatments of obesity.

"By using mouse models, we have identified that the gene H19 performs a form of gene control in brown fat cells. We have been able to demonstrate that an overexpression of the H19 gene in mice protects against obesity and insulin resistance. In addition, we have been able to detect similar patterns of gene control in obese people. We therefore believe that our results can be the first step towards developing groundbreaking new and improved treatments for obesity-related diseases", says Professor Jan-Wilhelm Kornfeld.

This article has been republished from materials provided by the University of Southern Denmark. Note: material may have been edited for length and content. For further information, please contact the cited source.

Reference: Schmidt, E., Dhaouadi, I., Gaziano, I., Oliverio, M., Klemm, P., Awazawa, M., … Kornfeld, J.-W. (2018). LincRNA H19 protects from dietary obesity by constraining expression of monoallelic genes in brown fat. Nature Communications, 9(1), 3622. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-05933-8