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A 3D model of a human brain.
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Scientists Discover the Source of Key Brain Waves Crucial for Deep Sleep

University of California, Irvine biomedical engineering researchers have uncovered a previously unknown source of two key brain waves crucial for deep sleep: slow waves and sleep spindles.
Orange and white pills spill from a prescription bottle.
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Researchers Decode the Mechanism of Action of Hepatitis B and D Virus Inhibitor

The molecular mechanisms behind the action of the hepatitis B and D virus inhibitor bulevirtide have been revealed, potentially paving the way to more targeted treatments.
Deforestation.
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Orchid Bees Survey Sheds Light on Impact of Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon

A survey of orchid bees in the Brazilian Amazon state of Rondônia, carried out in the 1990s, is shedding new light the impact of deforestation on the scent-collecting pollinators.
COVID-19.
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Macrophages Deep in Lungs Susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 Infection

A previously overlooked type of immune cell allows SARS-CoV-2 to proliferate, Stanford Medicine scientists have found. The discovery has important implications for preventing severe COVID-19.
Microscopic visualisation of immune cells (in green) activated by the alarmins TL1A and interleukin-33 during the onset of allergic inflammation in the lungs.
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New Study Identifies Molecule Triggering Allergic Reactions

Inflammation plays a major role in allergic diseases, affecting at least 17 million people in France, including 4 million asthmatics. One of the molecules that initiates this process in the respiratory tract has just been identified.
AI written on a computer chip.
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AI Could Improve Breast Cancer Screening by Reducing False Positives

Using artificial intelligence (AI) to supplement radiologists’ evaluations of mammograms may improve breast-cancer screening by reducing false positives without missing cases of cancer, according to a study.
A bacteriophage.
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New Phage Resistance Mechanism Uncovered in the Oral Microbiome

Recently, ADA Forsyth scientists exploring the complex interactions of microbes in the oral microbiome discovered a third player influencing the phage-bacterial arms race – ultrasmall bacterial parasites, called Saccharibacteria or TM7.
A city scape.
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Around 250,000 Acres of Estuaries Were Converted Into Cities and Farms In the Last 35 Years

Most estuary conversion took place in rapidly developing, middle-income countries, highlighting opportunities for action to protect these economically and environmentally important landscapes.
A school of silver fish in blue water.
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Schools of Fish Are Quieter Than Lone Ones

Swimming in schools makes fish surprisingly stealthy underwater, with a group able to sound like a single fish.
Olive oil next to a plant on a table.
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Potential Therapy Identified for Gene Mutation Associated With Increased Viral Infection Susceptibility

A gene mutation associated with a rare neurological disorder and increased susceptibility to viral infections may be treatable with oleic acid.
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